The Book of Romans tells us that the resurrection of Jesus Christ specified that He is the Son of God who had become flesh and died. His resurrection tells us that He did not die for His own sins, but for ours, and thus He became the fulfillment of the Old Testament sacrifices for sin:

Romans 1:3 Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh;
4 And declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead.

It was by His holy resurrection that He broke the power of the evil one, who had the power of death:

Hebrews 2:14 Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil;
15 And deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.

The resurrection was proof of His holiness, and that through this victory, He would one day raise all men from the dead at His return. This resurrection of humanity will occur in two stages, first those who are His at His coming before the Millennium, and then the rest of humanity at the end of the Millennium:

1 Thessalonians 4:16 For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first:
17 Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord.

Revelation 20:5 But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years were finished.

The resurrection of Jesus was physical, He being raised in the same body He died and was buried in. After all, as a man, He was a person just like you and I, the difference being He had never sinned and was God in the flesh. Our resurection will be physical as well. We don't know what our bodies will be like, but it will be like His resurrection body:

Philippians 4:21 Who shall change our vile body, that it may be fashioned like unto his glorious body, according to the working whereby he is able even to subdue all things unto himself.

That does not mean we will be raised and be God in any way, but we will bear His likeness.

Jesus said that He was the resurrection and the life, and Paul said that if He was not raised from the dead, then the faith of the Christian is dead, useless, and vain for we would have no true hope:

1 Corinthians 15:13 But if there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen:
14 And if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain.
15 Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God; because we have testified of God that he raised up Christ: whom he raised not up, if so be that the dead rise not.
16 For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised:
17 And if Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.
18 Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished.
19 If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable.
20 But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the firstfruits of them that slept.
21 For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead.
22 For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.
23 But every man in his own order: Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ's at his coming.
24 Then cometh the end, when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he shall have put down all rule and all authority and power.

The Christian, therefore, believes Jesus died as the perfect, sinless sacrifice for our sins, and that because of His holiness He was raised from the dead. It is through accepting Jesus as our sacrifice for sin that we, too, are made holy and can look forward to a just resurrection. All is done to the glory of God for He has provided all in Christ. Jesus said anyone can have this hope of resurrection into life with God by simply doing one thing:

John 6:40 And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day.

The Apostle Paul confirmed this in the book of Romans:

Romans 10:9 That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.
10 For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
11 For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.